Statistics Calculators

Variance Calculator

Calculate the sample and population variance of a dataset — the average squared deviation from the mean.

Sample variance —

Population variance —

Mean —

About the Variance Calculator

Variance measures the average squared distance of each value from the mean. It's the square of the standard deviation and is used in many statistical formulas because it has convenient mathematical properties.

Formula: Sample: s² = ∑(x − x̄)² ÷ (n − 1) · Population: σ² = ∑(x − μ)² ÷ n

Because variance is in squared units, standard deviation (its square root) is usually preferred for interpreting spread in the original units of the data.